Arkaius appears to be a modern form inspired by Arcadius or Arkadios, Greek-derived names linked to Arcadia.
Arkaius is a name of classical architecture and modern invention — its Latin-inflected suffix (-ius) anchoring it to the Roman naming tradition while its core reaches back to the ancient Greek world. The most direct antecedent is Arcas (Ἀρκάς), the son of Zeus and the nymph Callisto in Greek mythology. Callisto was transformed into a bear by a jealous Hera, and when Arcas nearly killed her unknowingly while hunting, Zeus intervened, transforming both mother and son into constellations: Callisto became Ursa Major (the Great Bear) and Arcas became Ursa Minor or, in some tellings, the constellation Boötes, the Herdsman.
The name Arcas gave its name to the region of Arcadia in the Peloponnese — the lush, mountainous landscape that became, in Renaissance poetry and painting, the emblem of pastoral paradise. Arcadia entered the Western literary imagination through Virgil's Eclogues, Jacopo Sannazaro's fifteenth-century prose poem Arcadia, and Philip Sidney's Arcadia, becoming a byword for idealized rural beauty and innocent golden-age life. The phrase 'Et in Arcadia ego' — famously depicted by Nicolas Poussin — meditates on mortality's presence even in paradise, giving Arcadian imagery its peculiar elegiac beauty.
Arkaius transforms this heritage through a Latinized spelling that gives the name a grander, more formal weight — reminiscent of names like Octavius, Thaddaeus, or Silvius. The 'k' spelling rather than 'c' subtly modernizes it, aligning it with contemporary naming sensibilities that favor strong consonants. It is a name for parents who want something that sounds genuinely ancient without being commonly used — a name that carries the silence of old mountains and star-filled mythology in its syllables.